Castle Rock in Gove County

Geologic Time

Geologists divide the record of the Earth's past into segments — eons, eras, periods, and epochs — to make studying and understanding billions of years of geologic history more manageable.

Geologic Time: A Metaphor

Geologists estimate Earth is at least 4.6 billion years old. What if all those years were compressed into one calendar year?
Quartzite boulder

Geologic Periods in Kansas

Rocks from all periods are found in Kansas, though some are present only underground.
Limestone rocks along dirt road

Understanding How Geologists Talk About Time

Eons and eonothems? Periods and systems? Terms used to describe units of geologic time and the rock layers formed during those time intervals provide a common language for talking about the past.
Rock hammer resting on dolomite

Mass Extinctions

Mass extinctions, extraordinary events in evolutionary history, have taken place at least five times in the last 500 million years.
Fossilized brachiopods